vigorous [ˈvigərəs] a. 1.精力充沛的 2. 强有力的

rigorous [ˈrigərəs]a. 严格的，严厉的，严酷的

ridiculous [riˈdikjuləs] a. 可笑的，荒谬的

经典案列

1. Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous

book learning put unnatural restraints on children. (试题 2004, Text 4, Paragraph 5)

Ralph Waldo Emerson和其他一些先验主义哲学家认为学校教育和严格的书本学习限制了孩子们的天性。

2. They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to

feel ideally vigorous. (CET-6 1993.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 2)

他们认为睡6个小时就够了, 所以认为没有问题,其实他们需要7.5小时，8个小时甚至更多的时间来保持理想的精力。

3. Ideally, say Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supplements would be evaluated in

scientifically rigorous clinical trials. (CET-6 2004.1, Passage 1, Paragraph 2)

哈佛大学的Walter Willett 和Meir Stampfer博士指出，理想状况下所有的维生素都要经过严格科学的临床实验评估。

value [ˈvælju:]n. 1. 价值 2.重要性3. (pl.)价值观 vt. 1. 尊重，重视 2. 估价

invaluable [inˈvæljuəbəl]a. 宝贵的，无价的

valueless [ˈvælju:]a. 没有价值的，毫无用处的

devalue [di:ˈvælju:] vt. 使贬值，降低…的价值

evaluate [iˈvæljueit] vt. 评价，估价

evaluation [iˌvæljuˈeiʃən]n. 评估，估价

valuable [ˈvæljuəbəl] n. (pl.)贵重物品a. 1. 贵重的 2. 宝贵的

经典案例

1. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters

who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class. (试题 2001, Text 3, Paragraph 7)

如果它能注意这个问题的话，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目(这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工)，进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层有着很大差异的记者。

2. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. (试题 1997, Text 2, Paragraph 5)

不过，友好是很多美国人推崇的美德，同时希望邻居和陌生人也能如此。

3. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business

cycle. (试题 2000, Text 1, Paragraph 4)

没几个美国人将这一巨变单纯归因于美元贬值或商业周期循环这些显而易见的原因。