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冲刺考研真题:英语二阅读真题答案及解析

Text 2

A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.

Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.

Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic

participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.

With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.

Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.

21. “Birds of passage” refers to those who .

[A] stay in a foreign country temporarily

[B] leave their home countries for good

[C] immigrate across the Atlantic

[D] find permanent jobs overseas

22. It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US .

[A] needs new immigrant categories

[B] has loosened control over immigrants

[C] should be adapted to meet challenges

[D] has been fixed via political means

23. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want .

[A] financial incentives

[B] a global recognition

[C] the freedom to stay and leave

[D] opportunities to get regular jobs

24. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated .

[A] as faithful partners

[B] with legal tolerance

[C] with economic favors

[D] as mighty rivals

25. The most appropriate title for this text would be .

[A] Come and Go: Big Mistake

[B] Living and Thriving: Great Risk

[C] With or Without: Great Risk

[D] Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake

Text 2

19. 【答案解析】正确答案是 A。词义题。根据题干关键词 Birds of passage，定位到第一段末句 They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio，”birds of passage.这句话中 birds of passage 就是对“uccelli di passaggio”的解释说明，而“uccelli di passaggio，”是nickname 的同位语，因此birds of passage 是对they 的解释说明。通过上下文可知，they 指代the immigrants(移民)。因此，birds of passage 就是移民的别称。故A 项为正确答案。

20. 【答案解析】正确答案是 C。推理题。根据题干定位到第二段。由最后一句话We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges(然后也许我们就能开始面对移民挑战了)可以判断出，本段第四句至第六句的 we need to…和we can….是我们可以面对这个挑战的前提，即我们应该如何去迎接这些挑战。故C 项为正确答案。

21. 【答案解析】正确答案是 C。细节题。根据题干定位至第三段。题干的 want 与原文的prefer to 是同义词，因而解题关键在于对最后两句话的理解。They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them.They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.强调的是工作机会。故 C 项为正确答案。

22. 【答案解析】正确答案是B。细节题。根据题干，可定位至第五段。首句指出我

们应有新态度，第二句进行具体阐述，末句说包含那些在现今体系中难以合法理解的， 即说明要给予法律宽容。首句的“logic of right or wrong”和末句的“legally”为同义表达。故B 项正确，该选项是第五段的概括表达。

23. 【答案解析】正确答案是D。主旨题。通读全文后发现 legal 和illegal 为高频词汇。第二段第二句 We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad， 同时作者认为We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal 这说明了从合法和不合法角度对于移民的分类是错误的。最后一段最后一句再次重申 including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system。综上可知D 项为正确答案。

【全文翻译】

一个世纪前，来自大西洋彼岸的移民既有定居者也有旅居者。有许多人来美国是希望能在此建立永久家园，也有些人并无意定居，打算赚些钱后就返回家乡。1908 到 1915

年间，大约有 700 万人到达美国，大约有 200 万人最终离开。例如，大概有四分之一意大利移民最终都永返故土。他们甚至有一个亲切的绰号：候鸟。

如今，我们对移民的理解愈发刻板了。我们把新来者划分为两类：合法移民或非法移民，好移民或坏移民。我们把他们称为“缔造中的美国人”，或者给他们归于“需要驱逐的异类”。这一模式很大程度上让我们的移民体系支离破碎，也使政府长期以来对

“如何修复这一体系”无能为力。我们不需要更多的类别，但是我们应该改变对类别的看法。我们不应该局限于合法或者非法的严格定义。首先，我们要承认那些新的候鸟(移民)的存在，他们在灰色地带生活并繁荣发展，然后我们才能开始着手应对在移民方面面临的挑战。

如今的“候鸟”中，有收庄稼人、小提琴手、建筑工人、企业家、工程师、家庭护理助手和物理学家等。他们积极参与由劳工，资金和观念潮流所驱动的全球经济。他们愿意跟着机会的召唤，来或者走。他们可以设法在一个地方工作，在另一个地方安家。无论有无许可，他们都能轻松地跨越法律，辖区和身份。我们需要他们把美国视作

这样一个地方，在这里他们可以稍作停留，有所作为，而无需承诺永居于此。我们需要让他们感觉到四处皆可为家，他们可以有尊严地同属两个国家。

适应这样一个流动人员的新世界，需要移民之战双方都有新的态度。超越文化中非对即错的战争逻辑，意味着要开启中间地带，意识到当今管理移民需要采取多种途径， 取得多种结果，包括那些在现有体系中难以通过合法手段达成的结果。

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